{"id":14,"date":"2016-04-05T21:59:11","date_gmt":"2016-04-05T21:59:11","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/projects.nib.si\/projects-2\/?page_id=14"},"modified":"2026-03-18T09:12:03","modified_gmt":"2026-03-18T08:12:03","slug":"summary","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/projects.nib.si\/capseffect\/summary\/","title":{"rendered":"Summary"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>English<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Elite grapevine cultivars often lack durable resistance to diseases, especially grapevine yellows diseases caused by phytoplasmas. As a result, EU countries spend millions annually to offset losses from grapevine yellows. Since direct control of phytoplasmas in plants is not possible, growers rely on indirect methods such as spraying insect vectors, pruning infected parts, and replanting. Both of the phytoplasma that cause grapevine yellows (\u2018Candidatus Phytoplasma solani\u2019 (causing Bois noir) and Flavescence dor\u00e9e) can only be managed by frequent pesticide use to control the insects that spread them. However, many effective chemicals have been banned, leaving no highly effective treatment currently available. The need for resistant cultivars and alternative disease management is imperative.<\/p>\n<p>In this project we want to advance our knowledge about the plant-phytoplasma disease interactions with a focus on phytoplasma effector proteins, which are believed to be a crucial factor in symptom development. We hope this knowledge will help to advance strategies for prevention grapevine yellows diseases.<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"color: black ! important\" data-blkn-colour=\"rgba(68,68,68,1)\">Specific objectives of the project<\/h3>\n<p>The main objective of this project is to study phytoplasma interactions in grapevines and model plants through the collaboration of an international project team with expertise in different aspects of phytoplasma research. By using a variety of innovative methods, including different transformation procedures, detection methods, OMICs analyzes, and sequence analyzes available in our laboratories, we aim to comprehensively investigate the role of both already identified and newly discovered effector proteins of \u2018Ca. P. solani\u2019 in grapevines infected by the pathogen.<\/p>\n<p>Confirmation of the precise role played by the effectors studied is expected to provide valuable insights and offer numerous opportunities to advance research in the important field of plant immunity. In addition, it has the potential to contribute to the development of innovative strategies for the effective control of BN and other phytoplasma-induced diseases.<br \/>\nIf we identify the most important effector proteins and their interactors, the results will open a plethora of new possibilities in research of breeding and disease management.<\/p>\n<p>To achieve the main aim of this project we have set the following specific objectives:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Characterize known and novel effectors from \u2018Ca. P. solani\u2019 strains.<\/li>\n<li>Analyze effector-host interactions, especially with plant transcription factors.<\/li>\n<li>Compare infected vs. healthy grapevines (including gene-edited variants).<\/li>\n<li>Use transformation and OMICs tools to explore symptom development mechanisms and effector function.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Slovensko:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Elitne sorte vinske trte pogosto niso odporne na bolezni, zlasti ne proti trsnim rumenicam, ki jih povzro\u010dajo fitoplazme. Zaradi tega dr\u017eave EU vsako leto porabijo milijone za nadomestilo izgub zaradi \u0161kode, ki jo povzro\u010dijo trsne rumenice. Ker neposredno zatiranje fitoplazm v rastlinah ni mogo\u010de, se pridelovalci zana\u0161ajo na posredne metode, kot so \u0161kropjenje proti \u017eu\u017eelkam, ki so prena\u0161alci trsnih rumenic, obrezovanje oku\u017eenih delov trsov in ponovna zasaditev.<\/p>\n<p>Obe fitoplazmi, ki povzro\u010datatrsne rumenice (\u2018Candidatus Phytoplasma solani\u2019, ki povzro\u010da bolezen po\u010drnelost lesa, in Flavescence dor\u00e9e), je mogo\u010de obvladovati le s pogosto uporabo pesticidov za nadzor \u017eu\u017eelk, ki ju \u0161irijo. Vendar so bila \u0161tevilna u\u010dinkovita kemi\u010dna sredstva prepovedana, zaradi \u010desar trenutno ni na voljo nobenega visoko u\u010dinkovitega sredstva za zatiranje. Potreba po odpornih sortah in alternativnem obvladovanju bolezni je torej nujna.<\/p>\n<p>V tem projektu \u017eelimo poglobiti na\u0161e znanje o interakcijah med rastlinami in fitoplazmami, s poudarkom na efektornih beljakovinah fitoplazme, za katere se domneva, da so klju\u010dni dejavnik pri razvoju simptomov. Upamo, da bo to znanje pomagalo pri razvoju strategij za prepre\u010devanje bolezni, ki jih povzro\u010dajo trsne rumenice.<\/p>\n<h3 data-blkn-colour=\"rgba(68,68,68,1)\">Cilji projekta<\/h3>\n<p>Glavni cilj tega projekta je preu\u010devanje interakcij fitoplazem z rastlinami vinske trte in z modelnimi rastlinami, pri \u010demer sodeluje mednarodna projektna skupina s strokovnim znanjem na razli\u010dnih podro\u010djih raziskav fitoplazm. Z uporabo razli\u010dnih inovativnih metod, vklju\u010dno z razli\u010dnimi postopki transformacije, metodami detekcije, omi\u010dnimi analizami in analizami nukleotidnih zaporedij, ki so na voljo v na\u0161ih laboratorijih, \u017eelimo celovito raziskati vlogo tako \u017ee identificiranih kot tudi na novo odkritih efektorskih proteinov fitoplazme \u2018Ca. P. solani\u2019 v oku\u017eenih rastlinah vinske trte.<\/p>\n<p>Potrditev natan\u010dne vloge preu\u010devanih efektorjev bo prinesla dragocena spoznanja in ponudila \u0161tevilne prilo\u017enosti za napredek raziskav na pomembnem podro\u010dju rastlinske imunosti. Poleg tega lahko prispeva k razvoju inovativnih strategij za u\u010dinkovito obvladovanje bolezni, ki jih povzro\u010dajo fitoplazme.<\/p>\n<p>\u010ce bomo identificirali najpomembnej\u0161e efektorske proteine in njihove interaktorje, bodo rezultati odprli \u0161tevilne nove mo\u017enosti v raziskavah na podro\u010dju selekcije vinske trte in obvladovanja bolezni, ki jih povzro\u010dajo fitoplazme.<br \/>\nZa dosego glavnega cilja tega projekta smo si zastavili naslednje specifi\u010dne cilje:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Opisati znane in nove efektorje iz sevov fitoplazme \u2018Ca. P. solani\u2019.<\/li>\n<li>Analizirati interakcije med efektorji fitoplazme in gostiteljskimi rastlinami, zlasti z rastlinskimi transkripcijskimi faktorji.<\/li>\n<li>Primerjati oku\u017eene in zdrave vinske trte (vklju\u010dno z genetsko urejenimi variantami).<\/li>\n<li>Uporabiti orodja za transformacijo in omi\u010dne pristope za raziskovanje mehanizmov razvoja simptomov in funkcije efektorjev.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>English Elite grapevine cultivars often lack durable resistance to diseases, especially grapevine yellows diseases caused by phytoplasmas. As a result, EU countries spend millions annually to offset losses from grapevine yellows. Since direct control of phytoplasmas in plants is not possible, growers rely on indirect methods such as spraying insect vectors, pruning infected parts, and [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":59,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":2,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"page-fullwidth.php","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-14","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/Ph8Na1-e","jetpack-related-posts":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/projects.nib.si\/capseffect\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/14","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/projects.nib.si\/capseffect\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/projects.nib.si\/capseffect\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/projects.nib.si\/capseffect\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/59"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/projects.nib.si\/capseffect\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14"}],"version-history":[{"count":17,"href":"https:\/\/projects.nib.si\/capseffect\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/14\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":321,"href":"https:\/\/projects.nib.si\/capseffect\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/14\/revisions\/321"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/projects.nib.si\/capseffect\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}